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Score | School level | Notes |
---|---|---|
100.00-90.00 | 5th grade | Very easy to read. Easily understood by an average 11-year-old student. |
90.0–80.0 | 6th grade | Easy to read. Conversational English for consumers. |
80.0–70.0 | 7th grade | Fairly easy to read. |
70.0–60.0 | 8th & 9th grade | Plain English. Easily understood by 13- to 15-year-old students. |
60.0–50.0 | 10th to 12th grade | Fairly difficult to read. |
50.0–30.0 | College | Difficult to read. |
30.0–0.0 | College graduate | Very difficult to read. Best understood by university graduates. |
These readability tests are used extensively in the field of education. The "Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level Formula" instead presents a score as a U.S. grade level, making it easier for teachers, parents, librarians, and others to judge the readability level of various books and texts. It can also mean the number of years of education generally required to understand this text, relevant when the formula results in a number greater than 10. The grade level is calculated with the following formula:
The result is a number that corresponds with a U.S. grade level. The sentence, "The Australian platypus is seemingly a hybrid of a mammal and reptilian creature" is an 11.3 as it has 24 syllables and 13 words. The different weighting factors for words per sentence and syllables per word in each scoring system mean that the two schemes are not directly comparable and cannot be converted. The grade level formula emphasises sentence length over word length. By creating one-word strings with hundreds of random characters, grade levels may be attained that are hundreds of times larger than high school completion in the United States. Due to the formula's construction, the score does not have an upper bound.
The lowest grade level score in theory is −3.40, but there are few real passages in which every sentence consists of a single one-syllable word. Green Eggs and Ham by Dr. Seuss comes close, averaging 5.7 words per sentence and 1.02 syllables per word, with a grade level of −1.3. (Most of the 50 used words are monosyllabic; "anywhere", which occurs eight times, is the only exception.)
The Coleman–Liau index is calculated with the following formula:
L is the average number of letters per 100 words and S is the average number of sentences per 100 words.
If the percentage of difficult words is above 5%, then add 3.6365 to the raw score to get the adjusted score, otherwise the adjusted score is equal to the raw score.
Score | Notes |
---|---|
4.9 or lower | easily understood by an average 4th-grade student or lower |
5.0–5.9 | easily understood by an average 5th or 6th-grade student |
6.0–6.9 | easily understood by an average 7th or 8th-grade student |
7.0–7.9 | easily understood by an average 9th or 10th-grade student |
8.0–8.9 | easily understood by an average 11th or 12th-grade student |
9.0–9.9 | easily understood by an average 13th to 15th-grade (college) student |
Fog Index | Reading level by grade |
---|---|
17 | College graduate |
16 | College senior |
15 | College junior |
14 | College sophomore |
13 | College freshman |
12 | High school senior |
11 | High school junior |
10 | High school sophomore |
9 | High school freshman |
8 | Eighth grade |
7 | Seventh grade |
6 | Sixth grade |
* polysyllables: words of 3 or more syllables
Score | Age | Grade Level |
1 | 5-6 | Kindergarten |
2 | 6-7 | First Grade |
3 | 7-8 | Second Grade |
4 | 8-9 | Third Grade |
5 | 9-10 | Fourth Grade |
6 | 10-11 | Fifth Grade |
7 | 11-12 | Sixth Grade |
8 | 12-13 | Seventh Grade |
9 | 13-14 | Eighth Grade |
10 | 14-15 | Ninth Grade |
11 | 15-16 | Tenth Grade |
12 | 16-17 | Eleventh grade |
13 | 17-18 | Twelfth grade |
14 | 18-22 | College |